Ventricular Myocytes

The ionic mechanisms of amantadine-induced changes in membrane potential and automatic activity in guinea pig ventricular myocytes were studied using the suction-pipette whole-cell clamp method. While 25-100 /iM amantadine decreased the action potential amplitude and duration, 200 and 400 pM amantadine lengthened the action potential duration and decreased the maximum diastolic potential with an appearance of diastolic depolarization and automaticity. In the presence of 25-100 /xM amantadine, the preparations developed an afterpotential due to incomplete repolarization and a delayed afterdepolarization that eventually brought about triggered automaticity. The former type of afterpotential was abolished by tetrodotoxln (TTX) and the latter by Co. Spontaneous activity from the diastolic depolarization was also abolished by Co but not by Cs. Amantadine suppressed the calcium current to as much as half of the control at the concentrations used (25-200 /*M). The drug also produced a depression of the inward rectifier K current. The outward current showing time-dependent decay was activated at the plateau voltages by concentrations lower than 100 /iM, whereas the delayed outward K current was depressed by the drug in a concentration-dependent manner at more positive potentials. Amantadine activated the TTX-sensitive and TTX-insensitive inward currents on repolarization from depolarized states, without producing the transient inward current. These results indicate that the amantadine-induced diastolic depolarization and afterpotentials are caused by changes in multiple ionic currents and that, therefore, the drug can be used as a unique model for the study of arrhythmogenesis. {Circulation Research 1989;65:880-893)